ASTM D413 helps determine the quality of a product by determining the force per unit width required to separate a rubber layer from a flexible substrate such as fabric, fiber, wire, or sheet metal. ASTM D413 applies when the adhered surfaces are approximately plane or uniformly circular as in belting, hose, tire carcasses, or rubber-covered sheet metal. As covered by ASTM D413, an adhesion test consists of applying to a test specimen a measured force sufficient to strip from the specimen at a measured rate, a layer of moderate thickness with separation (rupture, tearing) at the adhered surfaces. Adhesion is expressed as the average force required to cause separation at a definite rate, or the average rate of separation caused by a known or specified force. With our test machine, the rate of separation is fixed and the adhesion value is expressed in terms of the measured force.
Method A - 180 Degree Peel
For Type A, you must perform a 180 degree peel. Separate the parts to be tested by hand at one end of the test specimen and at a sufficient distance to permit grips of the machine to be attached. Attach the separated end of the specimen, with all separate parts except the one under test securely gripped, to the recording head by means of a grip. Provide for maintaining the strip during the test approximately in the plane of the clamps. Grip that layer of the specimen of which the adhesion is to be tested symmetrically and firmly without twisting in the power-actuated clamp. Start the machine. Strip the separating layer from the specimen at an angle of approximately 180 degree, and continue the separation for a sufficient distance to indicate the adhesion value.
Method B - 90 Degree Peel
Type B requires a 90 degree peel. Separate by hand a sufficient distance along the separation line in the center of the strip to permit the grips of the machine to be attached. Peel along the previously cut separation layer for 40 to 100 mm.
Method C - 90 Degree Peel
Type C is for ring specimens. Separate by hand a sufficient length of a layer of the specimen to be tested to permit the power actuated clamp of the machine to be attached. Place the specimen snugly on the test mandrel. With the mandrel attached to the recording head of the machine and the separated layer gripped symmetrically and firmly without twisting in the power-actuated clamp, and start the machine. Strip the separating layer from the specimen at an angle of approximately 90 degree to the tangent of the specimen surface, and continue the separation for a sufficient distance to indicate the adhesion value. During the test, the mandrel shall rotate freely so as to maintain the line of separation at all times approximately in the same position.
Test Types A, B & C of ASTM D413 require a peel test machine that can perform both 180 and 90 degree peels. By means of our extensive testing expertise and modular product design, we will help configure the testing solution that is right for you. Give one of our application engineers a call today for help with creating the best budget and testing plan according to ASTM D413.
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