Single Strand Yarn Tensile Strength

Tensile testing of yarns is commonly done in accordance with ISO 2062 and ASTM D2256. These tests are used to determine the breaking force, elongation, and toughness properties of the yarn. Breaking tenacity, a ratio of the breaking force to yarn linear density is also a common property for evaluating the strength of a yarn material and for comparison and validation purposes. It is necessary to clamp the yarn test specimen so that the machine loading access is aligned with the specimen axis. This alignment is most easily achieved and repeatable using capstan style grips. Sharp edges or changes in path can cause specimen failure to occur outside the gage section and far below the actual strength of the yarn. Capstan grips also help avoid this, as the yarn never encounters sharp changes in geometry. Since elongation properties are important for the product application of yarn materials, it is necessary to prevent slippage of the yarn during testing, which is accomplished through the even distribution of the load over the capstan instead of a only a set of clamp jaws. ASTM and ISO have developed standard test methods for testing the breaking strength, elongation, tenacity, modulus, and toughness of yarns. Popular standards are ASTM D2256 using single strand yarn and ISO 2062 for single end break force and elongation. Yarn tensile testing is typically conducted using low force, high elongation, constant rate of extension, tabletop tensile test machines. ASTM D76 specifies the requirements of the most widely used tensile test machines for textiles, including constant rate of extension (CRE), constant rate of force, and constant rate of loading (CRL) machines. The machine and grip families below meet ASTM and ISO requirements for tensile testing of yarns and can be configured to meet specific customer requirements.

Applicable Testing Standards

• ISO 2062 Textile Yarn Break Force and Elongation Test Equipment
• ASTM D2256 Tensile Yarns Testing Equipment

Recommended Test Machine

100 Series Universal Test Machines

Forces up to 10 kN (2,250 lbf)
Low force tabletop systems
Modular series of five frame options with adjustable test space
Affordable testing option for tension, compression, bend, peel and much more

200 Series Electromechanical Universal Test Machines

Forces up to 5 kN (1,125 lbf)
Low force tabletop systems
Tests at speeds up to 2,500 mm/min (100 in/min)
Best for high travel or high elongation test requirements

Recommended Testing Accessories

G240K Mechanical Vice Grip

Rated to 1 kN (225 lbf)
Maximum specimen thicknesses from 10 mm to 50 mm (0.39 in. to 2.0 in.)
Simple design can be used for a multitude of tensile applications
Inexpensive and reliable