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Tensile Test Properties
Tensile testing a material determines mechanical properties including ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, yield limit, yield point, elastic limit, proportional limit, Poisson’s ratio, modulus of elasticity and the modulus of rigidity.
Ultimate tensile strength is commonly known as tensile strength. UTS is the maximum stress (psi or MPa) that a material withstands when tested in tension.
Yield strength, yield limit and yield point are all used to determine the point during the test where the deformation experienced by the material changes from elastic to plastic and the relationship between the stress and strain is no longer linear.
Elastic limit is the absolute largest amount of stress and strain that a material can withstand before permanent deformation occurs and the proportional limit is the absolute highest stress level at which the strain and stress are proportionally related.
Poisson’s ratio is the negative ratio of the lateral and axial strain and is used to relate the modulus of elasticity and the modulus of rigidity, which may be defined as the ratio of the stress over the strain in the elastic region and the ratio of the shear stress and shear strain, respectively.
